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1.
Rev. ADM ; 80(5): 292-297, sept.-oct. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1532061

ABSTRACT

La resorción ósea alveolar suele dar lugar a que las inserciones de la mucosa interfieran para la construcción, estabilidad y retención de una prótesis removible, una opción que permite modificar este tejido se obtiene por medio de una vestibuloplastia. Actualmente se puede favorecer la cicatrización de heridas utilizando láser de alta potencia aplicado a procedimientos quirúrgicos orales. Se realiza reporte de caso en paciente femenino a la que se realizó procedimiento de vestibuloplastia con láser de Er,Cr:YSGG, utilizando de forma postoperatoria gel de quitosano en nanotransportador biomolécula EPX. Se observa una cicatrización rápida y favorable al combinar ambas terapéuticas, además al utilizar productos con quitosano se disminuye el riesgo de la necrosis de fibroblastos gingivales humanos como recientemente se reportó en el uso de colutorios de clorhexidina (AU)


Alveolar bone resorption often results in mucosal insertions interfering with the construction, stability and retention of a removable prosthesis, an option to modify this tissue is obtained by means of vestibuloplasty. Currently, wound healing can be promoted by using high power laser applied to oral surgical procedures. A case report of a female patient who underwent a vestibuloplasty procedure with laser Er,Cr:YSGG, using chitosan gel with EPX biomolecule nanocarriers postoperatively. A fast and favorable healing is observed when combining both therapeutics, besides, when using products with chitosan, the risk of necrosis of human gingival fibroblasts is reduced, as recently reported in the use of chlorhexidine mouthwashes (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Wound Healing , Nanotechnology/methods , Laser Therapy/methods , Lasers, Solid-State , Chitosan
3.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358277

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A nanotecnologia consiste no controle e manipulação da matéria em nível atômico e molecular, permitindo o desenvolvimento de dispositivos, materiais e sistemas com propriedades diferentes daquelas observadas na escala micro ou macroscópica. Objetivo: Verificar evidências científicas sobre a efetividade dos medicamentos em pacientes com câncer pelo uso da nanotecnologia. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca de artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS. Não houve restrição de localização, período e idioma. Para a seleção dos estudos, foi utilizada a combinação baseada no Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH). Incluíram-se na pesquisa estudos que obtiveram pontuação ≥ a 6 pontos, segundo o protocolo para pontuação qualitativa. Resultados: Foram localizados 216 artigos, sendo totalizados 208 após verificação por duplicação. Em seguida, os títulos e resumos foram analisados, sendo excluídos 205 trabalhos fora do escopo da proposta da pesquisa. Admitiram- -se, para a análise final, três artigos do tipo estudo clínico. Os nanocomplexos apresentaram eficiência nas amostras apresentadas, sendo eficazes quando o objetivo consistia em retardar a progressão de determinados tipos de cânceres. Conclusão: Os medicamentos com nanopartículas utilizados nos estudos demonstraram boa adesão pelos pacientes, assim como se apresentaram eficazes no tratamento de cânceres específicos. Contudo, estudos adicionais são necessários para explorar a atividade desses medicamentos


Introduction: Nanotechnology consists of the control and manipulation of matter at atomic and molecular level, allowing the development of devices, materials, and systems with properties different from those observed in the micro or macroscopic scale. Objective: Verify scientific evidence about the effectiveness of drugs in patients with cancer utilizing nanotechnology. Method: Integrative review of the literature. The search for articles was carried out in the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS. There was no restriction of location, period, and language. For the selection of the studies, the combination based on the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH) was used. Studies that scored ≥ 6 points according to the qualitative scoring protocol were included in the study. Results: 216 articles were found, and after the elimination of duplicates, 208 remained. The titles and abstracts were analyzed, and 205 papers were excluded because they were not within the scope of the proposed study. Three articles of the type clinical trial were admitted for the final analysis. The nano complexes showed efficiency in the samples presented, being effective when the objective was to delay the progression of certain types of cancers. Conclusion: Medications with nanoparticles used in the studies showed good adherence by the patients, in addition to effectiveness in the treatment of specific cancers. However, additional studies are needed to explore the activity of these drugs


Introducción: La nanotecnología consiste en el control y manipulación de la materia a nivel atómico y molecular, permitiendo el desarrollo de dispositivos, materiales y sistemas con propiedades diferentes a las observadas a escala micro o macroscópica. Objetivo: Verificar la evidencia científica sobre la efectividad de los medicamentos en pacientes con cáncer mediante el uso de nanotecnología. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en las bases de datos MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS. No hubo restricción de ubicación, período e idioma. Para la selección de estúdios, se utilizó la combinación basada en los Términos de Encabezamiento de Materia Médica (MeSH). Los estudios que puntuaron ≥ 6 puntos según el protocolo de puntuación cualitativa. Resultados: Se encontraron 216 artículos, con un total de 208 luego de la verificación por duplicación. Luego, se analizaron los títulos y resúmenes, y se excluyeron 205 artículos por no estar en el alcance de la propuesta de investigación. Se admitieron tres artículos del tipo estudio clínico para el análisis final. Los nano complejos mostraron eficiencia en las muestras presentadas, siendo efectivas cuando el objetivo era retrasar la progresión de ciertos tipos de cánceres. Conclusión: Los fármacos de nanopartículas utilizados en los estudios mostraron una buena adherencia por parte de los pacientes, además de ser eficaces en el tratamiento de cánceres específicos. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios adicionales para explorar la actividad de estos fármacos


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Nanotechnology , Nanotechnology/methods , Drug Utilization , Access to Essential Medicines and Health Technologies , Neoplasms
4.
Arq. odontol ; 57: 236-243, jan.-dez. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1348373

ABSTRACT

Objetivo:Avaliar in vitro a atividade de Staphylococcus aureus e Candida albicans em bases de próteses convencionais à base de polimetilmetacrilato de metila com nanopartículas de prata incorporadas a sua composição. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo experimental laboratorial com resinas acrílicas autopolimerizáveis comercialmente disponíveis, Vipi Flash/VIPI e JET/Clássico. Foram confeccionados 80 corpos de prova, divididos em 16 grupos (n = 5), referentes ao tipo de resina, tratamento (incorporação e imersão na solução de nanopartículas de prata) e microrganismo inoculado. As nanopartículas foram sintetizadas com ácido polimetacrílico, nitrato de prata e irradiadas com luz ultravioleta de baixa potência (~8W) por 6 horas, e as suas concentrações idealizadas pelo método de microdiluição em placas para determinação da concentração mínima inibitória frente aos microrganismos selecionados. Verificou-se ação bactericida e fungicida com concentração inicial de 25% e após fator de diluição 12,5%. Resultados: Houve dificuldade de incorporação das nanopartículas na resina acrílica, que pode decorrer da alteração da proporção 3:1 recomendada pelo fabricante ou pela redução ou inativação da ação da nanopartícula de prata pela interação com o polimetilmetacrilato. VIPI com inclusão de nanopartícula obteve menor aderência de biofilme de Candida albicans. Conclusão:A nanopartícula de prata mostrou-se eficaz na sua ação de controle de Candida albicans e Staphylococcus aureus no método de imersão, entretanto, a sua ação antimicrobiana foi comprometida após inclusão nas resinas acrílicas.


Aim:To perform an in vitro evaluation of the activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicansin conventional prosthesis bases, based on methyl polymethylmethacrylate with silver nanoparticles incorporated into the composition. Methods: An experimental laboratory study was carried out using commercially available self-curing acrylic resins, Vipi Flash/VIPI and JET/Clássico. Eighty specimens were manufactured and divided into 16 groups (n = 5), referent to the resin brand, treatment (incorporation and immersion in the silver nanoparticle solution), and inoculated microorganism. The nanoparticles were synthesized with polymethacrylic acid and silver nitrate, and were irradiated with a low power (~ 8W) ultraviolet light for 6 hours. Their concentrations were idealized by the method of microplate dilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration when compared to the selected microorganisms. Bactericidal and fungicidal activities were identified with an initial concentration of 25% and a subsequent dilution factor of 12.5%. Results:It was difficult to incorporate the AgNPs into the acrylic resin, which may well have resulted from the change from the 3:1 proportion recommended by the manufacturer or by reducing or inactivating the action of the silver nanoparticle by interaction with polymethylmethacrylate. VIPI with the inclusion of nanoparticles obtained a lesser Candida albicans biofilm adherence. Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles were effective in controlling Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus in the immersion method; however, the antimicrobial activity was compromised after inclusion in acrylic resins.


Subject(s)
Silver Nitrate/pharmacology , Dental Prosthesis/microbiology , Polymethyl Methacrylate/pharmacology , Nanotechnology/methods , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Biological Control Agents/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology
5.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 63: e20190184, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132268

ABSTRACT

Abstract Nanoparticles demonstrate an important role in the protection of bioactive compounds from external factors such as temperature, oxygen and light. In this study, poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles entrapped β-carotene was produced using the nanoprecipitation method. Firstly, was evaluated the lipophilic surfactant effect and carrier agent of the active compound in the nanocapsules formulation. After choosing the most stable formulation, the nanocapsules production was optimized using β-carotene, caprylic/capric triglycerides (CCT) and soybean lecithin. Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to evaluate the influence of soy lecithin concentration, volume of CCT and β-carotene concentration in the particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency and recovery. Formulations containing soy lecithin and CCT demonstrated better stability comparing to the other formulations tested. The nanoparticle formulations presented an optimized particle size below 200 nm, PDI lower than 0.1 and encapsulation efficiency above 95%. Based on the results obtained, the optimum conditions to prepare PCL nanocapsules were 0.2160 mg/mL of β-carotene, 232.42 μL of CCT and 2.59 mg/mL of soy lecithin, suggesting an applicability to promote controlled released of β-carotene in food system.


Subject(s)
Caproates , beta Carotene , Nanotechnology/methods , Nanocapsules , Lactones , Chemical Precipitation , Bioreactors , Process Optimization
6.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 19(1): 4002, 01 Fevereiro 2019. tab, ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-998179

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the use of nanosilver fluoride in the enamel remineralization process through optical coherence tomography. Material and Methods: All samples were submitted to demineralization process by pH cycling during 14 days and randomly distributed into three groups (n = 11): Nanosilver Fluoride (NSF), Sodium fluoride (NaF), and negative control. Optical coherence tomography images were acquired at three different moments: initial stage (T0), post caries formation (T1), and post pH cycling (T2). The integrity of the enamel surface and the measurement of the volume loss for the tissue after pH cycling in comparison to initial images were obtained from optical coherence tomography images. Results: After analyzing the exponential decay of A-scans from each group, it was possible to identify differences in light propagation among samples. In T1 it is not possible to visualize the dentin-enamel junction, probably due to the higher back scattering of the demineralized enamel, which does not allow light to reach the dentin. The decay curves obtained from NaF and nanosilver fluoride groups showed similar behavior, while the negative group showed lower extinction coefficient. Conclusion: Nanosilver fluoride showed the best effect against caries compared to conventional fluoride treatments.


Subject(s)
Tooth Demineralization/diagnosis , Nanotechnology/methods , Dental Enamel , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Fluorides , In Vitro Techniques/methods , Brazil
7.
Clinics ; 74: e989, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011914

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Rapidly dividing cells in multiple types of cancer and inflammatory diseases undergo high low density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake for membrane synthesis, and coupling an LDL-like nanoemulsion, containing lipid nanoparticles (LDE) to a chemotherapeutic agent efficiently targets these cells without significant systemic effects. This was a prospective exploratory study that evaluated the uptake of a radioactively labeled LDE emulsion by receptors of endometriotic foci and the capacity of the LDE for cellular internalization. METHODS: The lipid profile of each patient was determined before surgery, and labeled LDE were injected into fourteen patients with intestinal or nonintestinal endometriosis. The radioactivity of each tissue sample (intestinal endometriosis, nonintestinal endometriosis, healthy peritoneum, or topical endometrium) was measured. RESULTS: The group with intestinal endometriosis presented higher levels of plasma LDL but lower LDE uptake by foci than the nonintestinal group, suggesting less cell division and more fibrosis. The uptake of LDE was highest in the topical endometrium, followed by the healthy peritoneum, and lowest in the endometriotic lesion. Since the endometriotic foci showed significant LDE uptake, there was likely increased consumption of LDL by these cells, similar to cells in cancers and inflammatory diseases. Plasma cholesterol levels had no influence on LDE uptake, which showed that the direct delivery of the nanoemulsion to target tissues was independent of serum lipoproteins. There were no significant differences in the parameters (p>0.01) because of the small sample size, but the findings were similar to those of previous studies. CONCLUSION: Nanotechnology is a promising therapeutic option for surgery and hormonal blockage for deep endometriosis, with a lower complication rate and no systemic side effects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Receptors, LDL/therapeutic use , Nanotechnology/methods , Endometriosis/therapy , Nanoparticles/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Emulsions , Endometriosis/physiopathology , Intestines , Lipids , Lipoproteins, LDL
8.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 16(4): eRB4587, 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975099

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The biology of stem cells is one of the most dynamic and promising fields of the biological sciences, since it is the basis for the development of organisms. Its biological complexity demands efforts from several lines of research aimed mainly at its therapeutic use. Nanotechnology has been emerging as a new field of study, which shows great potential in the treatment of various diseases. This new area of health has been called "Nanomedicine" or "Bionanotechnology", which can be applied in Medicine by transport and drug delivery systems, robotic tools to be used in diagnostic and surgical processes, nanobiomaterials, gene therapies, nanobiomedical devices, among others. Because stem cells and Nanotechnology are two areas of extremely promising science, a new field of study, called "stem cell Nanotechnology", has gradually emerged. In this, Nanotechnology is used to help the stem cells apply their therapeutic potential in the treatment, cure, and repair of the damaged tissues, in an effective and safe way. In this way, stem cell Nanotechnology has generated great interest, since it may result in significant contributions to Regenerative Medicine and tissue engineering. The present work aims to present the state-of-the-art regarding its therapeutic use in Human Medicine.


RESUMO A biologia das células-tronco é um dos campos mais dinâmicos e promissores das ciências biológicas, pois é a base do desenvolvimento dos organismos. Sua complexidade biológica demanda esforços de diversas linhas de pesquisa, visando principalmente à sua utilização terapêutica. A Nanotecnologia surge como um novo campo de estudo, o qual demonstra grande potencial no que tange ao tratamento de diversas doenças. Esta nova área da saúde vem sendo denominada "Nanomedicina" ou "Bionanotecnologia", a qual pode ser aplicada na Medicina por meio da utilização de sistemas de transporte e liberação de fármacos, ferramentas robóticas a serem utilizadas em processos de diagnóstico e cirurgia, nanobiomateriais, terapias gênicas, dispositivos nanobiomédicos, entre outros. Em razão das células-tronco e a Nanotecnologia serem duas áreas da ciência extremante promissoras, um novo campo de estudo, denominado "Nanotecnologia das células-tronco", surge gradativamente. Neste, a Nanotecnologia é utilizada de forma a auxiliar as células-tronco a exercerem seu potencial terapêutico no tratamento, na cura e na reparação dos tecidos lesionados, de forma eficaz e segura. A Nanotecnologia das células-tronco tem gerado grande interesse, podendo resultar em contribuições significativas na Medicina Regenerativa e na engenharia de tecidos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo apresentar o estado da arte visando à sua utilização terapêutica na Medicina Humana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Nanotechnology/methods , Multipotent Stem Cells , Regenerative Medicine/methods , Adult Stem Cells , Bone Diseases/therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Tissue Engineering/methods , Nanostructures/therapeutic use , Nanomedicine/methods , Neoplasms/therapy , Nervous System Diseases/therapy
9.
São José dos Campos; s.n; 2017. 96 p. il., tab., graf..
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-906065

ABSTRACT

Os efeitos de modificações topográficas e químico-estruturais em superfícies de implantes e sua relação com o comportamento celular na interface com o biomaterial, não foram totalmente elucidados. Avaliou-se o efeito de modificações na topografia, composição química e estrutura cristalina de superfícies de titânio comercialmente puro (TiCP) grau IV sobre o potencial osteogênico de células-tronco mesenquimais humanas (CTMh), de células-tronco mesenquimais de camundongo (CTMc) e de células pré-osteoblásticas murinas (MC3T3E1), em diferentes meios de cultivo celular. Amostras de TiCP com superfície lisa e com topografia rugosa em micro e nanoescala foram criadas e caracterizadas por difratometria de raios-X (DFX), goniômetro; microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), perfilômetro óptico (PO) e microscopia de força atômica (MFA). Realizaram-se ensaios osteogênicos de atividade da fosfatase alcalina (ALP); de formação de colônias de osteoblastos (UFC-Ob); de mineralização; de atividade da luciferase (colágeno) e de expressão gênica (qPCR). Para todas as análises estatísticas o nível de significância foi de 5%. Fases cristalinas do TiCP como Ti α, rutilo e anatase, foram identificadas por DFX; o goniômetro comprovou a hidrofilicidade das superfícies; as superfícies rugosas apresentaram valores de rugosidade média (Ra), obtidos por PO maiores do que a superfície lisa (p<0,0001); características micro e nanoestruturais foram comprovadas, medidas e analisadas por MEV e por MFA. A superfície nanotexturizada apresentou maior potencial osteogênico independente do tipo celular e/ou meio de cultivo utilizados nos ensaios de mineralização (p<0,05) e qPCR. Nos ensaios de atividade de ALP em CTMh sob meio osteogênico (p=0,001) e expressão de colágeno em meio regular, também observou-se maior potencial osteogênico da superfície nanotexturizada. A superfície microtexturizada apresentou maior atividade de ALP em CTMh sob meio regular (p=0,006) e em MC3T3E1 sob meio osteogênico 2 (p=0,01); maior produção de colágeno sob meio osteogênico 2 e maior número de UFC-Ob em CTMc em meio regular (p=0,004). Concluiu-se que a diferenciação osteogênica é influenciada tanto pelos efeitos sinérgicos dos tratamentos empregados para a criação de superfícies micro e nanotexturizadas, quanto pelo tipo celular e meios de cultivo utilizados nos testes biológicos. A superfície nanotexturizada apresentou maior potencial de induzir mineralização e expressão de genes osteogênicos in vitro(AU)


The effects of topography and chemical modifications on implants surfaces and its relation with the cellular behavior at the interface with the biomaterial, are not fully elucidated. The effect of changes in the topography, chemical composition and surface crystalline structure of commercially pure titanium (TiCP) grade IV on the osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) and pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3E1), in different cell culture media were evaluated. Smooth surfaces and rough topography in micro and nanoscale were created and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), wettability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light interferometry (IFM), atomic force microscopy (AFM). Osteogenic assays of alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), of osteoblast colonies formation (CFU-Ob); mineralization; luciferase activity (collagen) and gene expression (qPCR) were performed. For all statistical analyzes the level of significance was set to 5%. Crystalline TiCP phases such as Ti α, rutile and anatase were identified by XRD; the goniometer confirmed hydrophilicity of all surfaces; the rough surfaces presented mean of Ra roughness parameter obtained by IFL greater than the smooth surface (p <0.0001); micro and nanofeatures were verified, measured and analyzed by MEV and MFA. Nanotexturized surface presented higher osteogenic potential independent of the cell type or culture media used in the mineralization (p <0,05) and qPCR assays. A greater osteogenic potential of the nanotexturized surface was also observed for ALP activity in hMSCs under osteogenic medium (p=0,001) and expression of collagen in regular medium assays. The microtexturized surface presented higher ALP activity in hMSCs under regular media (p =0.006) and in MC3T3E1 cells under osteogenic media 2 (p=0.01); higher collagen production under osteogenic medium 2 and higher CFU-Ob number in mMSCs in regular media (p=0,004). It was concluded that osteogenic differentiation is influenced both by the synergistic effects of the treatments used to create micro- and nanotexturized surfaces, and by the cell type and culture media used in biological tests. The nanotexturized surface presented greater potential in vitro to induce mineralization and osteogenic genes expression(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Stem Cells/classification , Dental Implants/classification , Nanotechnology/methods , Osteogenesis/physiology , Titanium/chemistry
11.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 52(1): 211-220, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-789074

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Liquid-Crystalline Systems represent active compounds delivery systems that may be able to overcome the physical barrier of the skin, especially represented by the stratum corneum. To obtain these systems, aqueous and oily components are used with surfactants. Of the different association structures in such systems, the liquid-crystalline offer numerous advantages to a topical product. This manuscript presents the development of liquid-crystalline systems consisting, in which the oil component is olive oil, its rheological characterizations, and the location of liquid crystals in its phase map. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated using J-774 mouse macrophages as the cellular model. A phase diagram to mix three components with different proportions was constructed. Two liquid crystalline areas were found with olive oil in different regions in the ternary diagram with two nonionic surfactants, called SLC1 (S1) and SLC2 (S2). These systems showed lamellar liquid crystals that remained stable during the entire analysis time. The systems were also characterized rheologically with pseudoplastic behavior without thixotropy. The texture and bioadhesion assays showed that formulations were similar statistically (p < 0.05), indicating that the increased amount of water in S2 did not interfere with the bioadhesive properties of the systems. In vitro cytotoxic assays showed that formulations did not present cytotoxicity. Olive oil-based systems may be a promising platform for skin delivery of drugs.


RESUMO Os cristais líquidos representam um sistema de liberação de substâncias ativas capazes de vencer a barreira cutânea, representada especialmente pelo estrato córneo. Água, óleo e tensoativos são misturados para se obter esses sistemas. Diferentes estruturas podem ser formadas nesses sistemas, as quais oferecem muitas vantagens para os produtos de uso tópico. Esse trabalho visou ao desenvolvimento de sistemas líquido-cristalinos preparados com óleo de oliva, sua caracterização reológica e a identificação das fases cristalinas no diagrama ternário. Efeitos citotóxicos foram avaliados usando células de rato como modelo celular. Construiu-se um diagrama de fases que mistura três componentes em diferentes proporções. Duas áreas de cristal líquido, denominadas SLC1 (S1) e SLC2 (S2), foram encontradas com óleo de oliva em diferentes regiões no diagrama ternário preparado com dois diferentes tensoativos não-iônicos. Esses sistemas mostraram fase cristalina lamelar, que permaneceu estável durante o tempo estudado. Os sistemas foram também caracterizados reologicamente e apresentaram comportamento pseudoplástico com tixotropia. Os ensaios de textura e bioadesão mostraram que as formulações foram similares (p < 0.05), indicando que o aumento da quantidade de água em S2 não interferiu nas propriedades bioadesivas dos sistemas. Os ensaios de citotoxicidade mostraram que as formulações não foram citotóxicas. Sistemas à base de óleo de oliva são interessantes para a liberação de fármacos na pele.


Subject(s)
Nanotechnology/methods , Olive Oil/therapeutic use , Rheology/classification , Liquid Crystals/analysis , Drug Liberation
12.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 52(2): 251-264, Apr.-June 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794999

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study aimed to obtain and characterize a microemulsion (ME) containing phenobarbital (PB). The PB was incorporated in the proportion of 5% and 10% in a microemulsion system containing Labrasol(r), ethanol, isopropyl myristate and purified water. The physicochemical characterization was performed and the primary stability of the ME was evaluated. An analytical method was developed using spectrophotometry in UV  = 242 nm. The kinetics of the in vitro release (Franz model) of the ME and the emulsion (EM) containing PB was evaluated. The incorporation of PB into ME at concentrations of 5 and 10% did not change pH and resistance to centrifugation. There was an increase in particle size, a decrease of conductivity and a change in the refractive index in relation to placebo ME. The ME remained stable in preliminary stability tests. The analytical method proved to be specific, linear, precise, accurate and robust. Regarding the kinetics of the in vitro release, ME obtained an in vitro release profile greater than the EM containing PB. Thus, the obtained ME has a potential for future transdermal application, being able to compose a drug delivery system for the treatment of epilepsy.


RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter e caracterizar uma microemulsão (ME) contendo fenobarbital (FEN). O FEN foi incorporado na proporção de 5% e 10% em um sistema microemulsionado composto por labrasol(r), etanol, miristato de isopropila e água purificada. Foi realizada a caracterização físico-química e avaliada a estabilidade preliminar da ME. Desenvolveu-se um método analítico por espectrofotometria em UV  = 242 nm. Foi avaliada a cinética de liberação in vitro (em modelo de Franz) da ME e da emulsão (EM) contendo FEN. A incorporação do FEN em ME nas concentrações de 5 e 10% não alterou o pH e a resistência à centrifugação. Houve aumento do tamanho da partícula, redução da condutividade e alteração do índice de refração em relação à ME placebo. A ME manteve-se estável nos ensaios de estabilidade preliminar. O método analítico demonstrou ser específico, linear, preciso, exato e robusto. Na cinética de liberação in vitro, a ME obteve um perfil de liberação in vitro superior a EM contendo FEN. Desta forma, a ME obtida tem potencial para uma futura aplicação transdérmica, podendo compor um sistema de liberação de fármacos para tratamento da epilepsia.


Subject(s)
Phenobarbital/pharmacokinetics , Emulsions/analysis , Quality Control , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods , Kinetics , Nanotechnology/methods , Drug Liberation/drug effects
13.
MedicalExpress (São Paulo, Online) ; 2(5)Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-776670

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of a transdermal nanoemulsion testosterone associated with transdermal estrogen therapy as a novel protocol treatment for emergent loss of libido. METHODS: Twenty-four women, aged 31-75 years (mean age, 51.7), with emergent loss of libido were allocated to treatment with a novel transdermal formulation of 500 µg/day of testosterone (Biolipid/B2®-testosterone) for 12 weeks, as part of an open label prospective study on peri- and post-menopausal women. Subjects applied the formulation on the right forearm. Clinical and laboratorial parameters including the sexual complaints; serum concentrations of testosterone, insulin, C-reactive protein, weight, blood pressure; body mass index and waist circumference were compared between baseline and 12 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: The mean total serum testosterone increased significantly (p = 0.009) after 12 weeks of treatment. No adverse or androgenic events were observed. There were positive and significant differences (p < 0.05) on sexual complaints, blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference after transdermal nanoemulsion testosterone treatment. CONCLUSION: This protocol is effective in increasing testosterone levels in peri- and postmenopausal women with low libido.


OBJETIVO: Investigar a eficácia de uma nanoemulsão transdérmica de testosterona associada à terapia com estrogênio transdérmico como tratamento para a perda emergente da libido. MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro mulheres, com idade entre 31-75 anos (idade média de 51,7), com perda emergente de libido foram incluídas num protocolo para tratamento de libido reduzida com uma formulação transdérmica de 500 µg/dia de testosterona (biolípido/B2®-testosterona) com 12 semanas de duração, como parte de um estudo prospectivo aberto em mulheres peri- e pós-menopausa. As participantes aplicaram a formulação no antebraço direito. Os parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais, incluindo as queixas sexuais foram comparados entre os valores iniciais e 12 semanas após o tratamento. Mediram-se as concentrações séricas de testosterona, insulina, proteína C-reactiva, o peso, a pressão arterial; o índice de massa corporal e a circunferência da cintura. RESULTADOS: A média de testosterona total no soro aumentou significativamente (p = 0,009) após 12 semanas de tratamento. Não foram observados efeitos adversos ou androgênicos. Registraram-se reduções significativas (p < 0,05) sobre as queixas sexuais, da pressão arterial, do índice de massa corporal e da circunferência da cintura após o tratamento transdérmico com nanoemulsão de testosterona. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo mostrou eficacia em aumentar os níveis de testosterona em e melhorar a libido em mulheres peri e pós-menopausa com baixa libido.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Testosterone/therapeutic use , Premenopause , Postmenopause , Nanotechnology/methods , Nanoparticles , Libido/drug effects , Administration, Cutaneous , Guidelines as Topic
14.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 20(4): 1143-1148, abr. 2015. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-744866

ABSTRACT

The control of HIV / Tuberculosis (TB) co -infection remains a challenge for public health. Notification is mandatory for both diseases and the National Case Registry Database (Sinan) is responsible for the collection and processing of individual forms of reporting and monitoring. The adequate fulfillment of these fields chips (completeness) is essential to follow the dynamics of the disease and set priorities for intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the completeness of the notification forms of tuberculosis in the priority municipalities of Bahia (Camaçari , Feira de Santana , Ilhéus , Itabuna, Jequié, Lauro de Freitas , Porto Seguro , Teixeira de Freitas , Paulo Afonso, Barreiras and Salvador) to control the disease in individuals with HIV/AIDS using tabulations obtained from the Sinan in the period from 2001 to 2010. The results showed that despite the completeness of the field HIV be above 50 %, more than half the cases were met as "undone" or "being processed" in all municipalities assessed in the period. The low completeness of reporting forms may compromise the quality of surveillance of TB cases. The results suggest the need for greater availability of HIV testing in these individuals.


O controle da coinfecção HIV/Tuberculose (TB) ainda representa um desafio para a saúde pública. Ambas as doenças são de notificação obrigatória e o Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) é o órgão responsável pela coleta e processamento das fichas individuais de notificação e acompanhamento. O preenchimento adequado dos campos destas fichas (completude) é essencial para acompanhar a dinâmica da doença e definir prioridades de intervenção. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a completude das fichas de notificações de tuberculose nos municípios prioritários da Bahia (Camaçari, Feira de Santana, Ilhéus, Itabuna, Jequié, Lauro de Freitas, Porto Seguro, Teixeira de Freitas, Paulo Afonso, Barreiras e Salvador), para controle da doença em indivíduos com HIV/AIDS, através dos relatórios de tabulação do Sinan, no período de 2001 a 2010. Os resultados demonstraram que, apesar da completude do campo HIV estar acima de 50%, mais da metade das fichas estavam preenchidas como "não realizado" ou "em andamento", em todos os municípios avaliados no período. A baixa completude das fichas de notificação pode comprometer a qualidade de vigilância dos casos de TB. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de maior disponibilidade de teste para HIV nesses indivíduos.


Subject(s)
Gold/chemistry , Nanocomposites/chemistry , Silver/chemistry , Spectrum Analysis, Raman , Chlorides/chemistry , Electrochemical Techniques , Gold Compounds/chemistry , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Nanotechnology/instrumentation , Nanotechnology/methods , Oxidation-Reduction , Spectrum Analysis, Raman/instrumentation , Spectrum Analysis, Raman/methods , Surface Properties
15.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-158467

ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology has been integrated into healthcare system in terms of diagnosis as well as therapy. The massive impact of imaging nanotechnology has a deeper intervention in cardiology i.e. as contrast agents , to target vulnerable plaques with site specificity and in a theranostic approach to treat these plaques, stem cell delivery in necrotic myocardium, etc. Thus cardiovascular nanoimaging is not limited to simple diagnosis but also can help real time tracking during therapy as well as surgery. The present review provides a comprehensive description of the molecular imaging techniques for cardiovascular diseases with the help of nanotechnology and the potential clinical implications of nanotechnology for future applications.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Nanomedicine/methods , Nanostructures/toxicity , Nanotechnology/methods , Theranostic Nanomedicine/methods , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging
17.
Natal; s.n; jul. 2014. 128 p. (BR).
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867010

ABSTRACT

Embora a terapia fotodinâmica venha sendo utilizada como uma ferramenta útil nos últimos 30 anos em oncologia, poucos estudos clínicos em odontologia têm sido conduzidos. A terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) utiliza fotossensibilizantes atóxicos e seletivos que são administrados nas células alvo seguida de aplicação local de luz visível, produzindo espécies reativas de oxigênio capazes de ocasionar morte celular por apoptose ou necrose, de afetar a vascularidade local, além de exercer importantes efeitos no sistema imune. Novas gerações de fármacos fotossensibilizantes, como as ftalocianinas nanoparticuladas tem apresentado excelentes resultados na atividade antitumoral e antibacteriana. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho realizou o primeiro protocolo clínico de aplicação local da nanoemulsão de cloroalumínio ftalocianina (AlClFc) seguida de irradiação em gengiva de humanos, e analisou descritiva e comparativamente, por meio de imunoistoquímica, a expressão de RANK, RANKL, OPG e VEGF em um modelo split-mouth. Oito voluntários saudáveis com indicação clínica de exodontia foram incluídos no estudo. Sete dias antes da exodontia, foi aplicado na gengiva dos participantes, 5µM de nanoemulsão de AlClFc seguida de irradiação com laser diodo (660nm, 7J/cm2), o lado contralateral foi utilizado como controle. Os espécimes teciduais foram removidos sete dias após a TFD e subdivididos em dois grupos (grupo teste e grupo controle) para análise histológica e imunoistoquímica. Os pacientes foram monitorados no dia aplicação, 7, 14 e 30 dias após a terapia para avaliação de efeitos adversos da terapia. Alterações vasculares foram observadas nas amostras gengivais que receberam a TFD. Áreas de edema e congestão vascular, além de intensa vascularização foram visualizadas. Adicionalmente, focos de calcificação distrófica em região subepitelial foram visualizados nos espécimes do grupo teste. Os resultados demonstraram um padrão similar dos escores de imunomarcação de RANK, RANKL e VEGF entre os grupos teste e controle, não havendo diferença estatística significante (p=0.317, p=0.777, p=0.814, respectivamente). RANK e RANKL exibiram imunomarcação fraca ou ausente na maioria dos espécimes analisados. Não houve imunomarcação para a OPG. O VEGF mostrou imunomarcação moderada a forte nos espécimes do grupo teste. Adicionalmente, o estudo clínico mostrou que a terapia foi bem tolerada por todos os pacientes. Os efeitos adversos foram de curta duração e totalmente reversíveis. Tomados em conjunto, os resultados apresentados neste estudo mostraram que o protocolo utilizado por nós, mediado por nanoemulsão contendo AlClFc, é seguro para aplicação clínica em tecido gengival e, sugerem uma forte imunomarcação para o VEGF após a terapia. (AU)


Although photodynamic therapy have been used as a useful tool over the past 30 years in oncology, few clinical trials have been conducted in dentistry. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses non-toxic photosensitizers and selective which are administered in target cells followed by local application of visible light, producing reactive oxygen species capable of causing cell death by apoptosis or necrosis, injured the local vasculature, and exert important effects on the immune system. New generations of photosensitizing agents, such as nanoparticulate phthalocyanines, has shown excellent results in antitumor and antibacterial activity . In this context, the present work constitutes the first clinical protocol of local application of nanoemulsion chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (AlClFc) followed by irradiation in human gingiva, and analyzed descriptively and comparatively , by means of immunohistochemistry , the expression of RANK , RANKL , OPG and VEGF in a split -mouth model. Eight healthy volunteers with clinical indication for extraction were included in the study . Seven days before the extraction, was injected in the gingiva of participants, 5µM of nanoemulsion AlClFc followed by irradiation with diode laser (660nm, 7J/cm2 ), the contralateral side was used as control. Tissue specimens were removed seven days after the TFD is performed. Tissues sample were divided into two groups (test and control groups) for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Patients were monitored at days, 0, 7, 14 and 30 to assess adverse effects of the therapy. Vascular alterations were seen in gingival samples that received PDT. Areas of edema and vascular congestion, and intense vascularization were viewed . Additionally, dystrophic calcification in subepithelial region were observed in the test group. The results showed a similar pattern of immunostaining scores of RANK, RANKL and VEGF between the test and control groups, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.317, p = 0.777, p = 0.814, respectively). RANK and RANKL exhibited weak or absent immunostaining in most specimens analyzed. There was no immunostaining for OPG. VEGF showed moderate to strong immunostaining in specimens from the test group. In addition, the clinical study showed that therapy was well tolerated by all patients. Adverse effects were short-time and completely reversible. Taken together, the results presented in this study showed that PDT mediated by nanoemulsion containing AlClPc is safe for clinical application in gingival tissue and suggests that a strong immunostaining for VEGF after therapy. (AU)


Subject(s)
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/immunology , Photochemotherapy/instrumentation , Photochemotherapy/methods , Gingiva/radiation effects , RANK Ligand/immunology , Osteoprotegerin/immunology , Surgery, Oral/instrumentation , Statistics, Nonparametric , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Inflammation/chemically induced , Nanotechnology/methods
18.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 16(3): 11-11, May 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-684009

ABSTRACT

Background: In the past decade, considerable attention has been paid for the development of novel strategies for the synthesis of different kind of nano-objects. Most of the current strategies are usually working by the use physical or chemical principles to develop a myriad of nano-objects with multiple applications. Main fields of nanotechnology applications range from catalysis, micro- and nano-electronics (semiconductors, single electrons transistors), non-linear optic devices, photo-electrochemistry to biomedicine, diagnostics, foods and environment, chemical analysis and others. Results: Two main avenues for nanoparticles synthesis: cell-free extract and cell cultivation have been reported. The state of art of both biotechnological approaches for different type nanoparticles are reviewed in this work. Conclusions: Nanotechnology is a revolutionary field just at its onset, the trend in the next decades being its integration with the green chemistry approach. Several strategies involving exhaustive strain selection, cultivation modes, recombinant gene expression, metabolic engineering, protein re-design and re-engineering, and predictive modeling will allow to create nanobioreactors, a new nanobiotechnology arena with a high potential impact in many fields.


Subject(s)
Biotechnology/methods , Nanotechnology/methods , Nanoparticles/metabolism , Metal Nanoparticles , Fermentation
19.
Anon.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 29(1): 3-15, ene.-mar. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-666709

ABSTRACT

La medicina y la ciencia han avanzado juntas a lo largo de la historia. Con el comienzo de este siglo se han comenzado a obtener resultados relevantes en las aplicaciones de la nanotecnología en la medicina. La medicina se presenta como un mercado potencial del mundo nano con aplicaciones tan revolucionarias que podrían lograr incluso la cura del cáncer, tratar las enfermedades según las características específicas de los pacientes y lograr una mejoría más que sustancial del modo de vida de la población. Cuba no está ajena a esta realidad y para ello confía en el gran potencial científico que ha formado en estos años de Revolución y en los convenios que mantiene con diferentes países en aras de garantizar el dominio de esta nueva tecnología. En este artículo se aborda la escala de trabajo de las nanotecnologías, además de brindar la definición propuesta para este término por las instituciones líderes en este campo. Se brinda información de las diferentes áreas que comprende la nanomedicina y se ofrece una breve panorámica de la nanomedicina a nivel mundial y en Cuba, y sus posibles implicaciones negativas


Medicine and science have been walking together through human history. With the beginning of the century, many important scientific results have emerged in nanotechnology applied to medicine. Medicine is a potential market of nano world, with revolutionary implications that could bring, i.e. the cure of cancer, or the treatment of different diseases according to the specific characteristics of each patient, achieving a substantially better quality of life of the citizens. Cuba has a great opportunity in this new area due to its scientific potential in biomedical applications and its exchange with different countries to guarantee the domain of this new technology. This article addresses the working scale of nanotechnology, as well as provides the proposed definition of this term by the leading institutions in this field. It also provides information on the different areas comprising nanomedicine and gives a brief overview of nanomedicine worldwide and in Cuba, and its possible negative implications


Subject(s)
Humans , Nanomedicine/methods , Nanotechnology/history , Nanotechnology/methods , Cuba/epidemiology
20.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 49(spe): 85-108, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-686588

ABSTRACT

Combining nanotechnology with glycobiology has triggered an exponential growth of research activities in the design of novel functional bionanomaterials (glyconanotechnology). More specifically, recent synthetic advances towards the tailored and versatile design of glycosylated nanoparticles namely glyconanoparticles, considered as synthetic mimetics of natural glycoconjugates, paved the way toward diverse biomedical applications. The accessibility of a wide variety of these structured nanosystems, in terms of shapes, sizes, and organized around stable nanoparticles have readily contributed to their development and applications in nanomedicine. In this context, glycosylated gold-nanoparticles (GNPs), glycosylated quantum dots (QDs), fullerenes, single-wall natotubes (SWNTs), and self-assembled glycononanoparticles using amphiphilic glycopolymers or glycodendrimers have received considerable attention to afford powerful imaging, therapeutic, and biodiagnostic devices. This review will provide an overview of the most recent syntheses and applications of glycodendrimers in glycoscience that have permitted to deepen our understanding of multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions. Together with synthetic breast cancer vaccines, inhibitors of bacterial adhesions to host tissues including sensitive detection devices, these novel bionanomaterials are finding extensive relevance.


A combinação de nanotecnologia com glicobiologia tem desencadeado o crescimento exponencial de atividades de pesquisa em desenvolvimento de novos biomateriais funcionais (gliconanotecnologia). Mais especificamente, recentes avanços sintéticos para o planejamento sob medida e versátil de nanopartículas glicosiladas, ou seja, gliconanopartículas, consideradas como miméticos sintéticos de glicoconjugados naturais, prepararam o caminho para diversas aplicações biomédicas. A acessibilidade da grande variedade destes nanossistemas estruturados, em termos de forma, tamanho e organização, tem prontamente contribuído para seu desenvolvimento e aplicações em nanomedicina. Neste contexto, nanopartículas de ouro glicosiladas (do inglês, GNPs), pontos quânticos glicosilados (do inglês, QDs), fulerenos, nanotubos de parede simples (do inglês, SWNTs) e gliconanopartículas autoconstruídas usando glicopolímeros anfifílicos ou glicodendrímeros têm recebido considerável atenção para originar poderosos instrumentos de imagem, terapêutico e de biodiagnóstico. Esta revisão fornecerá a visão global das mais recentes sínteses e aplicações de glicodendrímeros em glicociência que têm permitindo aprofundar nosso conhecimento das interações multivalentes proteína-carboidrato. Estes novos biomateriais estão sendo considerados de grande relevância, junto com vacinas sintéticas de câncer de mama, inibidores de adesão bacteriana em tecidos hospedeiros incluindo instrumentos de detecção sensível.


Subject(s)
Lanthanoid Series Elements , Nanotechnology/methods , Dendrimers/classification , Microbiology , Vaccines/agonists , Escherichia coli/immunology , Nanoparticles
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